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Assessment of Mussel Populations in Lake St. Clair, Michigan
The purpose of this study was to determine the density of mussels on the floor of Lake St. Clair, Michigan and compare the data to a previous study conducted by Thomas Nalepa in 1992. SCUBA gear was utilized to reach the lake floor in order to…
Fall Selective Foraging by White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus Virginianus) in Northern Ontario
White-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) are a native ungulate species found throughout America that are managed and pursued as a big game species. It has been hypothesized that white-tailed deer can exhibit selective foraging, which would allow…
Using GIS to Correlate Invasive Species Locations to Human Access Areas
The goal of this project was to identify if there are any correlations between human access areas and the locations of known invasive plant species. The plant locations plotted against the road locations and habitat types to better determine the…
Habitat Suitability for Rocky Mountain Elk in Michigan's Eastern Upper Peninsula
Rocky Mountain Elk (Cervus canadensis nelson) a popular and once prevalent North American game species suffered a rapid decline in the late 1800’s. Once extirpated from the state of Michigan In the elk were re-introduced in the early 1900’s with…
The Effects of Clostridium difficile Secreted-Substances on Normal Colon Microbiota Colonization
C. difficile infections occur as a result of an alteration in the normal bacterial flora of the colon. Overgrowth of toxin producing strains of C. difficile may result in C. difficile disease, characterized by diarrhea and colon mucosal inflammation.…
Return of Lake Whitefish (Coregonus Clupeaformis) to Historical Lake Michigan Spawning Tributaries
Lake Whitefish once spawned in the many tributaries of the Green Bay of Lake Michigan until the early 1900’s. Recently it has been found that Lake Whitefish are returning to some of these historical spawning sites. While Lake Whitefish have been…
Common Raven Response to Simulated Wolf Kills in Northern Michigan
Many species of birds have behavioral attributes that aid in their survival: the common raven, Corvus corax, is no exception. Ravens are social birds of high intelligence. They are able to perform complex tasks when first given to them. When…
Tree Interactions with Their Landscape on Two Conservation Properties in the Sault Area
"Approximately 13 million hectares of forests globally are lost each year to deforestation (Natural Resource Canada, 2008). North America has forests spanning from coast to coast, however many of these forests are not protected from this destruction.…
Folic Acid Supplementation During Pregnancy and Neonatal Birth Weight
"Folic acid, a B-vitamin, is an important supplement for pregnant women; however, its role in birth weight is not completely understood. In fact, previous research has yielded conflicting results. Therefore, in this study, a meta-analysis was used to…
Enrichment Effects on Captive Domestic Rats (Rattus Norvegicus)
"Providing animals with enrichment – stimuli given to produce positive effects – can be very beneficial to those in artificial environments. To explore the relationship between enrichment and its effects, domestic rats (Rattus norvegicus) were used…